Role of EGP and BGP in the TCP/IP (Exterior Routing Protocols)

Both EGP and BGP are types of or used as Exterior Routing Protocols
EGPs provide routing between autonomous systems.

EGP:
The first widespread exterior routing protocol was the Exterior Gateway Protocol. EGP provides dynamic connectivity but assumes that all autonomous systems are connected in a tree topology. This was true in the
early Internet but is no longer true.
Although EGP is a dynamic routing protocol, it uses a very simple design. It does not use metrics and therefore cannot make true intelligent routing decisions. EGP routing updates contain network reachability information. In other words, they specify that certain networks are reachable through certain routers. Because of its limitations with regard to today's complex internetworks, EGP is being phased out in favor of routing protocols such as BGP.

BGP:

BGP represents an attempt to address the most serious of EGP's problems. Like EGP, BGP is an interdomain routing protocol created for use in the Internet core routers. Unlike EGP, BGP was designed to prevent
routing loops in arbitrary topologies and to allow policy−based route selection.
BGP was co−authored by a Cisco founder, and Cisco continues to be very involved in BGP development. The latest revision of BGP, BGP4, was designed to handle the scaling problems of the growing Internet.

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Different Business Networking Types

Business Network can be increased by Social Networking Services .
Social networks make it easier to keep in touch with other contacts around the world. Specific cross-border e-commerce platforms and business partnering networks now make globalization accessible also for small and medium sized companies.

Different Business Networking Types are:

1.General business networking

Before online networking, there was and has always been, networking face-to-face. Such organized events are very well and alive today. For example, investigate your local chamber of commerce or rotary club for its calendar of events. "Schmoozing" or "rubbing elbows" are expressions used among business professionals for introducing and meeting one another, and establishing rapport. Through investing one's time meeting and understanding other professionals, one gains a sense of trust and is more confident to exchange referrals.

2.Face-to-face business networking

Professionals who wish to leverage their presentation skills with the urgency of physically being present, attend general and exclusive networking events. Many professionals tend to prefer face-to-face networking over online based networking because the potential for higher quality relationships are possible. Many individuals also prefer face-to-face because people tend to prefer actually knowing and meeting who they intend to do business with.

3.Exclusive business networking

The most influential and prestigious of networking alliances occur in exclusive business networking communities. Exclusive networking means, within a group of professionals, only one representative per specific industry is allowed to regularly attend and benefit. For example, in one such group of professionals, there may only be one kind of salesman from a particular industry. This way, this salesman benefits from his own kind of monopoly- He faces no competition. In this way, each member finds their position gratifying and valuable. Networking organizations have varying rules of membership, strictness, and accountability.

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Increase of Security of Network by PORT SCANNERS

Port scanners are used to help increase the security of your network. Ports are mapped to specific services. By running a software program that tests to see what ports a specific computer responds on, a network administrator (or potential hacker) can get some indication about the types of services running on a particular machine. Port scanning can be done inside your network to test various servers and workstation or it can be done from outside your network to determine what services can be accessed from the internet through your firewall.

Goals of Port Scanning

1. To determine services that a computer is running and shut down services not being used to increase the security of the computer being scanned.
   
2. To determine the vulnerabilities of the services that are being run in the computer being scanned.
   
3. The vulnerabilities can then be patched once they are identified.
   

Internal and External Port Scanning

There are some security service providers that will scan your network from the internet to test for open ports and vulnerabilities on your servers. They may provide a printed or electronic report on the results outlining your vulnerabilities and giving recommendations about how to fix them. Many of these services are very useful especially since they stay current with current vulnerability information and update their software regularly to test for new vulnerabilities.
Even if you hire someone to scan your network from the outside, you should still scan your network with your own scanning tools from the inside. Please note that before scanning or sniffing your network, even as a network administrator, you should always get written permission from your management first up to the level of your CIO. This to avoid prosecution should someone decide they do not like information being scanned. Also be sure you do not scan when system crashes due to scans could cause loss of data or interfere with work.
If you scan your network, you should scan specific parts of your network rather than the whole network at one time. I would recommend that you scan and secure your servers first, but do not do this during normal business hours when your server usage is at a peak. Also you may want to warn your users before a scan is done that some service interruption may occur due to system preventative maintenance.

Port Scanners

There are many port scanner types some of which may identify vulnerabilities along with ports that are being serviced. Links to port scanners can be found at Security Tools Tutorials.

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Social Networking Services to Expand Business

As business is increasingly carried on across the globe, there has become a strong need for business networking to take place on a more virtual level. There are a myriad of social networking tools which have been created to fulfill these needs. Together with software which provides access to on-line meetings and instant messaging, people are able to both access and increase their networks of business professionals without traveling.

Social networking is a good way to find people to add to your own business network. People that can benefit from your knowledge and provide you with theirs.

Leverage of social media in corporations is an undeniable evolution in our corporate world. No one can ignore the fact that better connected people and better networked companies are more successful. Organizations with deeper alliances and partnerships lead over the ones that work on their own. The goal is to help teams, partners and alliances to get better connected to relevant parties.

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Purpose of Business Network or Networking

Once a company has assessed its core capabilities it can either flush its assets away or, can find itself in a situation where it cannot compete on attributes, as it doesn't have the necessary resources. Because of this, networks are formed to utilize the advantageous attributes, and the importance here is dependent upon a mutually beneficial relationship that significantly adds to the value of a firm's market offering. With this, there comes a critical responsibility to thoroughly analyze the respective competitors, as there are both significant opportunities and risks associated with network partnerships.

Another purpose for a business network is to expand ones knowledge base without extending ones hours for learning and accomplishing new tasks. By utilizing the experiences and knowledge of others within your business network you are able to work more efficiently in the areas of your own expertise. For example, having people with computer related skills, phone skills, psychology background, health background, financial background, legal background, and business can help bring information from each area to the table that each person can share and use to the benefit of their own business.

Sharing information and being involved in a group can help your business reach levels you couldn't alone.

There are many online networking services that can benefit most businesses, one popular site is Connect Buzz. Yet, there have been an increase in such networking sites that was kicked off by the very popular Linkedin brand and now very clever business networking sites have come into play that not just take into consideration online business networking, which as noted by critics of business networking sites, does not work very well, and combined it with a complicated algorithm that places members of a business network into offline (in real life) networking meetings. One of the pioneers in such a hybrid business networking model is Business Networking Me.

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STP topology of a Switched Network

Active STP topology of a switched network is determined by these elements:

1. The unique bridge ID (switch priority and MAC address) associated with each  VLAN on each switch
   
2. The STP path cost to the root switch
   
3. The port identifier (port priority and MAC address) associated with each interface
   
4. The BPDUs are transmitted in one direction from the root switch,
   
5. and each switch sends configuration BPDUs to communicate and to compute the STP topology.
   

Each configuration BPDU contains this information:

1. The unique bridge ID of the switch that the transmitting switch identifies as theroot switch
   
2. The STP path cost to the root
   
3. The bridge ID of the transmitting switch
   
4. Message age
   
5. The identifier of the transmitting interface
   
6. Values for the hello, forward delay, and max-age protocol timers
   

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